Arizona @ Washington
Nationals Park
Team Table
Team |
W/L |
H/A |
$ |
RF |
RA |
Tot |
O/U |
ARI
|
37-34 |
23-18 |
545 |
5.20 |
4.34 |
9.54 |
34-34 |
WAS
|
32-37 |
16-16 |
-1513 |
4.84 |
4.87 |
9.71 |
35-29 |
ARI vs WASHead To Head
Win / Loss
7-3
Head-To-Head
Date |
Home |
Result |
ML |
O/U |
ARI Starter (IP) |
WAS Starter (IP) |
Jun 14, '19 |
WAS
|
7 - 3
|
WAS -189
|
o7.5 |
R. Ray (6.0) |
M. Scherzer (7.0) |
Jun 13, '19 |
WAS
|
5 - 0
|
ARI -112
|
u8.5 |
Z. Greinke (7.1) |
E. Fedde (6.0) |
May 13, '18 |
ARI
|
6 - 4
|
WAS +108
|
o8.5 |
Z. Godley (6.1) |
J. Hellickson (5.0) |
May 12, '18 |
ARI
|
2 - 1
|
WAS -178
|
u8.0 |
T. Scribner (3.2) |
S. Strasburg (6.2) |
May 11, '18 |
ARI
|
3 - 1
|
WAS -196
|
u7.5 |
M. Koch (8.0) |
M. Scherzer (7.0) |
May 10, '18 |
ARI
|
2 - 1
|
WAS +128
|
u8.0 |
Z. Greinke (7.0) |
T. Roark (7.0) |
Apr 29, '18 |
WAS
|
3 - 1
|
WAS -118
|
u7.0 |
R. Ray (1.1) |
G. Gonzalez (7.0) |
Apr 28, '18 |
WAS
|
4 - 3
|
ARI -129
|
u8.0 |
P. Corbin (6.2) |
J. Hellickson (5.1) |
Apr 27, '18 |
WAS
|
5 - 4
|
ARI +133
|
o7.0 |
Z. Godley (5.0) |
S. Strasburg (6.1) |
Jul 23, '17 |
ARI
|
6 - 2
|
WAS -113
|
u8.5 |
R. Ray (5.0) |
S. Strasburg (2.0) |
Arizona Record Last 10
Team - Last 10
Date |
vs |
Result |
ML |
O/U |
Starter (IP) |
Opp Starter (IP) |
Jun 14, '19 |
@
WAS
|
L 3 - 7
|
L +173
|
o7.5 |
R. Ray (6.0) |
M. Scherzer (7.0) |
Jun 13, '19 |
@
WAS
|
W 5 - 0
|
W -112
|
u8.5 |
Z. Greinke (7.1) |
E. Fedde (6.0) |
Jun 12, '19 |
@
PHI
|
W 2 - 0
|
W +119
|
u9.0 |
M. Kelly (7.2) |
Z. Eflin (8.0) |
Jun 11, '19 |
@
PHI
|
L 4 - 7
|
L +128
|
o9.0 |
J. Duplantier (3.0) |
J. Arrieta (6.0) |
Jun 10, '19 |
@
PHI
|
W 13 - 8
|
W +120
|
o10.0 |
T. Clarke (3.1) |
J. Eickhoff (3.0) |
Jun 09, '19 |
@
TOR
|
W 8 - 2
|
W -149
|
o9.0 |
R. Ray (6.2) |
C. Richard (2.2) |
Jun 08, '19 |
@
TOR
|
W 6 - 0
|
W -130
|
u8.5 |
Z. Greinke (6.0) |
A. Sanchez (6.0) |
Jun 07, '19 |
@
TOR
|
W 8 - 2
|
W +113
|
o9.0 |
M. Kelly (7.0) |
M. Stroman (5.2) |
Jun 05, '19 |
LAD
|
W 3 - 2
|
W +152
|
u9.5 |
J. Duplantier (5.0) |
K. Maeda (5.0) |
Jun 04, '19 |
LAD
|
L 0 - 9
|
L +190
|
u10.0 |
T. Clarke (5.0) |
H. Ryu (7.0) |
Washington Record Last 10
Team - Last 10
Date |
vs |
Result |
ML |
O/U |
Starter (IP) |
Opp Starter (IP) |
Jun 14, '19 |
ARI
|
W 7 - 3
|
W -189
|
o7.5 |
M. Scherzer (7.0) |
R. Ray (6.0) |
Jun 13, '19 |
ARI
|
L 0 - 5
|
L +104
|
u8.5 |
E. Fedde (6.0) |
Z. Greinke (7.1) |
Jun 11, '19 |
@
CHW
|
L 5 - 7
|
L -181
|
o10.0 |
P. Corbin (5.0) |
M. Banuelos (4.2) |
Jun 10, '19 |
@
CHW
|
W 12 - 1
|
W -142
|
o10.5 |
A. Sanchez (6.0) |
O. Despaigne (6.0) |
Jun 09, '19 |
@
SD
|
W 5 - 2
|
W -152
|
u8.0 |
S. Strasburg (7.0) |
L. Perdomo (3.1) |
Jun 08, '19 |
@
SD
|
W 4 - 1
|
W -183
|
u7.5 |
M. Scherzer (7.0) |
E. Lauer (7.0) |
Jun 07, '19 |
@
SD
|
L 4 - 5
|
L -113
|
P9.0 |
E. Fedde (6.0) |
N. Margevicius (3.2) |
Jun 06, '19 |
@
SD
|
L 4 - 5
|
L +104
|
o7.5 |
P. Corbin (5.0) |
J. Lucchesi (5.0) |
Jun 05, '19 |
CHW
|
W 6 - 4
|
W -182
|
u10.5 |
A. Sanchez (5.1) |
D. Covey (5.0) |
Jun 04, '19 |
CHW
|
W 9 - 5
|
W -253
|
o8.5 |
S. Strasburg (5.0) |
R. Lopez (4.0) |
Series Stats
Remaining Games - Series ARI @ WAS
Date |
ARI Starter |
WAS Starter |
Sun, Jun 16
13:35 ET
|
A. Bradley
R (0-0 )
|
A. Sanchez
R (2-6 3.92)
|
Series Game Records
Arizona - series game records
|
Overall |
After Win |
After Loss |
Game 1 |
15-8 |
8-3 |
7-5 |
Game 2 |
11-12 |
8-7 |
3-5 |
Game 3 |
9-11 |
5-5 |
4-6 |
Game 4 |
2-3 |
1-0 |
1-3 |
Washington - series game records
|
Overall |
After Win |
After Loss |
Game 1 |
6-17 |
3-11 |
3-6 |
Game 2 |
13-10 |
3-3 |
10-7 |
Game 3 |
11-7 |
5-4 |
6-3 |
Game 4 |
2-3 |
1-2 |
1-1 |
Arizona
Date |
vs |
W-L |
Home/Away |
Sun, Jun 16 - Sun, Jun 16 |
@
WAS
|
93-69 |
50-31 H |
Tue, Jun 18 - Thu, Jun 20 |
vs
COL
|
71-91 |
28-53 A |
Fri, Jun 21 - Sun, Jun 23 |
vs
SF
|
77-85 |
42-39 A |
Washington
Date |
vs |
W-L |
Home/Away |
Sun, Jun 16 - Sun, Jun 16 |
vs
ARI
|
85-77 |
41-40 A |
Mon, Jun 17 - Thu, Jun 20 |
vs
PHI
|
81-81 |
36-45 A |
Fri, Jun 21 - Sun, Jun 23 |
vs
ATL
|
97-65 |
47-34 A |
ARI vs WAS Starters Recent Games
Last 5
Date
Score
|
Line |
O/U |
IP |
H |
R |
ER |
SO |
BB |
HR |
PIT |
P/IP |
GB:FB |
|
W +120 |
o10.0
|
3.1 |
6 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
77 |
23.1 |
0.0 |
|
L +190 |
u10.0
|
5.0 |
4 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
0 |
96 |
19.2 |
1.0 |
|
L +108 |
o12.0
|
2.0 |
4 |
5 |
5 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
55 |
27.5 |
2.0 |
|
W +105 |
o8.0
|
6.1 |
5 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
3 |
0 |
100 |
15.8 |
1.0 |
|
L +154 |
o8.5
|
6.0 |
7 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
90 |
15.0 |
3.7 |
Last 5 Avg. |
|
|
4.1 |
5.2 |
3.4 |
3.0 |
3.4 |
1.8 |
0.8 |
83.6 |
20.1 |
1.5 |
Last Vs Washington
Last Vs Washington
Date
Score
|
Line |
O/U |
IP |
H |
R |
ER |
SO |
BB |
HR |
PIT |
P/IP |
GB:FB |
Taylor Clarke has not played against WAS Nationals. |
Last 5
Date
Score
|
Line |
O/U |
IP |
H |
R |
ER |
SO |
BB |
HR |
PIT |
P/IP |
GB:FB |
|
W -152 |
u8.0
|
7.0 |
6 |
1 |
1 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
104 |
14.9 |
5.5 |
|
W -253 |
o8.5
|
5.0 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
6 |
3 |
1 |
105 |
21.0 |
6.0 |
|
W +110 |
p9.0
|
7.0 |
5 |
2 |
2 |
11 |
2 |
0 |
103 |
14.7 |
1.5 |
|
L -182 |
o7.5
|
7.0 |
5 |
3 |
2 |
5 |
2 |
0 |
101 |
14.4 |
1.3 |
|
W -135 |
u8.5
|
8.0 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
7 |
0 |
1 |
93 |
11.6 |
6.0 |
Last 5 Avg. |
|
|
6.2 |
5.0 |
2.6 |
2.2 |
7.0 |
1.4 |
0.4 |
101.2 |
15.3 |
4.0 |
Last Vs Arizona
Last Vs Arizona
Date
Score
|
Line |
O/U |
IP |
H |
R |
ER |
SO |
BB |
HR |
PIT |
P/IP |
GB:FB |
|
W -178 |
u8.0
|
6.2 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
9 |
1 |
0 |
106 |
15.9 |
1.0 |
|
L -144 |
o7.0
|
6.1 |
6 |
5 |
5 |
7 |
2 |
1 |
103 |
16.3 |
2.5 |
|
W -113 |
u8.5
|
2.0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
0 |
51 |
25.5 |
1.0 |
Last 3 Avg. |
|
|
5.0 |
4.0 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
6.0 |
2.0 |
0.3 |
86.7 |
19.2 |
1.5 |
All Pitchers
Team |
ERA |
AVG. |
OBP |
WHIP |
IP |
HR |
BB |
K |
Arizona
|
4.04 |
.246 |
.315 |
1.29 |
9.0 |
1.2 |
3.1 |
8.8 |
Washington
|
4.63 |
.246 |
.319 |
1.32 |
8.2 |
1.2 |
3.2 |
9.5 |
Starters
Team |
Runs/9 |
ERA |
AVG. |
OBP |
WHIP |
IP |
HR |
BB |
K |
Arizona
|
4.20 |
3.95 |
.240 |
.303 |
1.23 |
5.1 |
0.7 |
1.7 |
5.4 |
Washington
|
4.18 |
3.83 |
.234 |
.300 |
1.22 |
5.2 |
0.7 |
1.9 |
6.4 |
Relievers
Team |
Runs/9 |
ERA |
AVG. |
OBP |
WHIP |
IP |
HR |
BB |
K |
Arizona
|
4.43 |
4.19 |
.254 |
.333 |
1.37 |
3.1 |
0.5 |
1.4 |
3.4 |
Washington
|
6.57 |
6.22 |
.269 |
.354 |
1.52 |
3.0 |
0.5 |
1.3 |
3.1 |
Arizona Bullpen |
REST |
G |
IP |
H |
R |
ER |
HR |
BB |
SO |
ERA |
WHIP |
GB:FB |
Yoan Lopez (R)
|
5 |
30 |
25.2 |
17 |
5 |
4 |
3 |
9 |
18 |
1.40 |
1.01 |
36:10 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
3.0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
0.00 |
1.00 |
6:1 |
T.J. McFarland (L)
|
3 |
11 |
19.1 |
26 |
14 |
12 |
3 |
6 |
15 |
5.59 |
1.66 |
22:6 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
5.1 |
8 |
6 |
4 |
1 |
3 |
4 |
6.75 |
2.06 |
6:3 |
Jon Duplantier (R)
|
3 |
8 |
25.0 |
24 |
12 |
12 |
2 |
9 |
24 |
4.32 |
1.32 |
20:14 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
13.0 |
16 |
9 |
9 |
2 |
4 |
12 |
6.23 |
1.54 |
12:7 |
Andrew Chafin (L)
|
2 |
33 |
22.0 |
22 |
8 |
8 |
2 |
11 |
26 |
3.27 |
1.50 |
19:5 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
1.2 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
5.40 |
2.40 |
0:0 |
Greg Holland (R)
|
2 |
23 |
22.2 |
12 |
5 |
5 |
3 |
10 |
29 |
1.99 |
0.97 |
18:11 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
3.0 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
6.00 |
0.67 |
5:2 |
Archie Bradley (R)
|
1 |
29 |
31.2 |
36 |
17 |
15 |
2 |
17 |
40 |
4.26 |
1.67 |
31:9 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
4.1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
0.00 |
0.46 |
3:2 |
Yoshihisa Hirano (R)
|
1 |
30 |
23.2 |
25 |
15 |
13 |
2 |
9 |
28 |
4.94 |
1.44 |
23:6 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
2.1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
0.00 |
0.86 |
1:2 |
Matt Andriese (R)
|
0 |
27 |
35.2 |
36 |
20 |
20 |
6 |
15 |
39 |
5.05 |
1.43 |
36:13 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
2.2 |
6 |
4 |
4 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
13.50 |
3.00 |
2:2 |
Stefan Crichton (R)
|
0 |
5 |
4.0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0.00 |
0.50 |
4:2 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
3.1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
0.00 |
0.60 |
4:2 |
Bullpen Total |
17 |
196 |
209.2 |
200 |
96 |
89 |
23 |
86 |
223 |
3.82 |
1.36 |
209:76 |
Last 3 |
|
27 |
38.2 |
42 |
22 |
20 |
6 |
12 |
35 |
4.66 |
1.40 |
39:21 |
Available Bullpen |
15 |
105 |
114.2 |
101 |
44 |
41 |
13 |
45 |
112 |
3.22 |
1.27 |
115:46 |
Washington Bullpen |
REST |
G |
IP |
H |
R |
ER |
HR |
BB |
SO |
ERA |
WHIP |
GB:FB |
Austen Williams (R)
|
58 |
2 |
0.1 |
5 |
6 |
6 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
162.00 |
18.00 |
0:0 |
Last 3 |
|
2 |
0.1 |
5 |
6 |
6 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
162.00 |
18.00 |
0:0 |
Justin Miller (R)
|
28 |
17 |
15.2 |
16 |
8 |
7 |
5 |
4 |
11 |
4.02 |
1.28 |
7:15 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
2.1 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
7.71 |
1.71 |
1:3 |
Jeremy Hellickson (R)
|
26 |
9 |
39.0 |
47 |
31 |
27 |
9 |
20 |
30 |
6.23 |
1.72 |
43:19 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
12.0 |
17 |
14 |
11 |
4 |
10 |
8 |
8.25 |
2.25 |
12:8 |
Tony Sipp (L)
|
4 |
23 |
12.2 |
11 |
7 |
7 |
0 |
5 |
10 |
4.97 |
1.26 |
9:13 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
2.2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
0.00 |
0.38 |
2:4 |
Kyle Barraclough (R)
|
3 |
31 |
25.0 |
29 |
17 |
15 |
6 |
11 |
30 |
5.40 |
1.60 |
18:14 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
3.2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
4 |
4.91 |
0.55 |
2:2 |
Javy Guerra (R)
|
3 |
6 |
10.1 |
9 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
7 |
2.61 |
1.16 |
6:9 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
4.2 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
0.00 |
0.64 |
4:3 |
Matt Grace (L)
|
1 |
33 |
28.0 |
33 |
21 |
20 |
5 |
8 |
19 |
6.43 |
1.46 |
37:13 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
2.2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
3.38 |
0.75 |
2:2 |
Trevor Rosenthal (R)
|
1 |
9 |
5.0 |
7 |
12 |
12 |
0 |
10 |
5 |
21.60 |
3.40 |
3:4 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
3.0 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
9.00 |
1.33 |
2:3 |
Sean Doolittle (L)
|
0 |
30 |
28.2 |
31 |
11 |
11 |
3 |
8 |
37 |
3.45 |
1.36 |
12:18 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
2.0 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
4 |
9.00 |
2.50 |
0:1 |
Wander Suero (R)
|
0 |
30 |
28.1 |
29 |
20 |
20 |
4 |
11 |
38 |
6.35 |
1.41 |
22:13 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
2.1 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
7.71 |
2.14 |
2:3 |
Tanner Rainey (R)
|
0 |
12 |
11.1 |
5 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
5 |
17 |
1.59 |
0.88 |
11:5 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
2.1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
5:0 |
Bullpen Total |
124 |
202 |
204.1 |
222 |
139 |
130 |
36 |
86 |
205 |
5.73 |
1.51 |
168:123 |
Last 3 |
|
32 |
38.0 |
40 |
32 |
29 |
8 |
19 |
31 |
6.87 |
1.55 |
32:29 |
Available Bullpen |
122 |
88 |
103.0 |
117 |
72 |
65 |
23 |
44 |
89 |
5.68 |
1.56 |
83:70 |
Arizona All Starters |
REST |
G |
IP |
H |
R |
ER |
HR |
BB |
SO |
ERA |
WHIP |
GB:FB |
Taylor Clarke (R)
|
4 |
6 |
25.2 |
27 |
17 |
15 |
4 |
9 |
19 |
5.26 |
1.40 |
32:16 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
10.1 |
14 |
12 |
11 |
3 |
6 |
11 |
9.58 |
1.94 |
11:5 |
Merrill Kelly (R)
|
2 |
14 |
82.0 |
79 |
34 |
34 |
11 |
25 |
63 |
3.73 |
1.27 |
91:45 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
22.1 |
12 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
18 |
0.81 |
0.63 |
25:12 |
Zack Greinke (R)
|
1 |
15 |
95.0 |
70 |
29 |
28 |
11 |
14 |
85 |
2.65 |
0.88 |
98:39 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
17.1 |
13 |
4 |
4 |
1 |
3 |
12 |
2.08 |
0.92 |
14:9 |
Robbie Ray (L)
|
0 |
15 |
82.1 |
71 |
41 |
35 |
9 |
38 |
106 |
3.83 |
1.32 |
62:34 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
19.2 |
16 |
10 |
10 |
4 |
3 |
24 |
4.58 |
0.97 |
15:11 |
Washington All Starters |
REST |
G |
IP |
H |
R |
ER |
HR |
BB |
SO |
ERA |
WHIP |
GB:FB |
Stephen Strasburg (R)
|
5 |
14 |
91.0 |
69 |
36 |
34 |
8 |
23 |
110 |
3.36 |
1.01 |
95:31 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
19.0 |
16 |
8 |
8 |
1 |
5 |
23 |
3.79 |
1.11 |
20:5 |
Anibal Sanchez (R)
|
4 |
12 |
59.2 |
55 |
28 |
26 |
8 |
28 |
56 |
3.92 |
1.39 |
51:35 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
17.1 |
9 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
15 |
1.04 |
0.69 |
16:13 |
Patrick Corbin (L)
|
3 |
14 |
85.1 |
75 |
44 |
39 |
12 |
29 |
94 |
4.11 |
1.22 |
80:47 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
12.2 |
22 |
20 |
16 |
4 |
7 |
13 |
11.37 |
2.29 |
11:7 |
Erick Fedde (R)
|
1 |
10 |
36.2 |
32 |
15 |
15 |
5 |
14 |
21 |
3.68 |
1.25 |
49:19 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
16.0 |
17 |
10 |
10 |
4 |
6 |
9 |
5.63 |
1.44 |
24:10 |
Max Scherzer (R)
|
0 |
15 |
99.1 |
87 |
34 |
31 |
8 |
20 |
136 |
2.81 |
1.08 |
76:48 |
Last 3 |
|
3 |
22.0 |
12 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
3 |
34 |
1.23 |
0.68 |
12:14 |
Umpire |
G |
W-L |
AVG |
PIT |
STR |
B |
STR% |
STR |
BB |
K/BB |
HR |
O/U |
David Rackley
|
12 |
7-5 |
10.08 |
302.08 |
191.83 |
110.25 |
63.5 |
17.3 |
6.8 |
2.56 |
3.08 |
5-6 |
Last 10 Games
Date |
Score |
Line |
O/U |
Road Starter |
Home Starter |
Jun 11, 2019
|
TB 3 - OAK 4
|
L -152 |
U
9.0
|
Mike Fiers (R)
|
Ryne Stanek (R)
|
Jun 7, 2019
|
CLE 5 - NYY 2
|
W +104 |
U
9.0
|
Domingo German (R)
|
Zach Plesac (R)
|
May 26, 2019
|
MIN 7 - CHW 0
|
W -236 |
U
10.0
|
Dylan Covey (R)
|
Jake Odorizzi (R)
|
May 22, 2019
|
BAL 5 - NYY 7
|
L +212 |
O
10.0
|
CC Sabathia (L)
|
Dan Straily (R)
|
May 18, 2019
|
CIN 4 - LAD 0
|
W +145 |
U
10.0
|
Walker Buehler (R)
|
Tyler Mahle (R)
|
May 5, 2019
|
CHC 13 - STL 5
|
W -113 |
O
10.0
|
Adam Wainwright (R)
|
Jose Quintana (L)
|
May 1, 2019
|
CHW 4 - BAL 5
|
L -180 |
P
9.0
|
David Hess (R)
|
Carlos Rodon (L)
|
Apr 26, 2019
|
TOR 4 - OAK 2
|
W -124 |
U
9.0
|
Mike Fiers (R)
|
Marcus Stroman (R)
|
Apr 23, 2019
|
BOS 4 - DET 7
|
L -222 |
O
8.0
|
Matthew Boyd (L)
|
Chris Sale (L)
|
Apr 8, 2019
|
HOU 4 - NYY 3
|
W -146 |
U
8.0
|
Masahiro Tanaka (R)
|
Justin Verlander (R)
|
Vs Diamondbacks
Date |
Score |
Line |
O/U |
Road Starter |
Home Starter |
Vs Taylor Clarke (R)
Date |
Score |
Line |
O/U |
Road Starter |
Home Starter |
Pages Related to This Topic